Pioneering Genetic Research With The Help Of Microbes
01/30/2015 15:52
There is a variety of Microorganisms like prokaryotes for e.g. bacteria or single celled or mycelia eukaryotic organisms e.g. yeast and also other fungi. A subject combining microbiology with genetic engineering is microbial genetics. It studies the genetic systems of small microorganism. Microbes possess the capability of acquiring and thus undergoing the process known as recombination. In the recombination process, a new chromosome with a genotypic sequence different from the parent results from the combined arrangement of genetic material from the two organisms. This new genetic arrangement is usually supplemented by new chemical and physical properties.
The science of microbial genetics has played a distinctive role in emergent fields of molecular and cell biology, and it also has applications in agriculture, medicine and the pharmaceutical and food industry.
The inheritable processes in microorganism are similar to those in multicellular organisms. In both a prokaryotes and eukaryotes microorganism, the functional genetic material is DNA and the only exception to this rule are the RNA virus. The inherited changes in the DNA called mutations occur unexpectedly, and the degree of mutation can be triggered by the mutagenic agents. The vulnerability of bacteria to mutagenic agents has been employed to identify possibly dangerous chemicals.
Microbes are preferably suitable for joint biochemical as well as genetic studies and have been effective in providing evidence about the genetic code and the regulation of gene activity.
The many uses of microbial genetics in the pharmaceutical industry and field of medicine emerge from the fact that the cause of disease and are the producers of antibodies both roles are played by microbes. Genetic experiments have been used to comprehend variations in disease-causing microbes and also to increase the yield of microbial antibodies.
After the discovery of DNA transmission in the chromosomes of the bacteria, they have turned into objects of great attention and curiosity for the geneticists due to their high rate of mutation and reproduction. Transformation, transduction and conjugation have been significant methods for plotting and mapping of genes on the bacterial chromosomes. The sequencing projects carried out on a large scale have revealed complete DNA sequence of genomes of several prokaryotes even before eukaryotic genomes were considered.
Bacteria are recognized to be highly adaptive and can mutate easily and faster in the presence of antibiotics to develop resistance against drugs and evolve in characteristics within a few generations to create new competitive forms. However such changes in susceptibility to antibiotics are not known to occur within a matter of minutes and in nonexistence of any drug at all, nor are resistant bacteria found to quickly become vulnerable as has been seen in the current cases. All such changes are known to be gene-based, and the direct analyses of DNA within the bacteria clearly confirm that the Trivedi Energy is able to alter genes in this way.
The Trivedi Effect® had produced considerable changes in the bacterial response characteristics and also in their antibiotic susceptibilities. Resistance to drugs and responses towards reactions are distinctive characteristics of bacteria; hence variations in DNA were predictable and likely to be observed. DNA polymorphism tests look for the difference at relevant foci inside the genes by removing and comparing the two given sets of DNA.
The above interpretations were right away tested with two categories of DNA fingerprinting tests by Mahendra Trivedi, and positive results were observed. The drug resistance and formation of new and better varieties were observed through the DNA polymorphism tests conducted on various DNA strands of bacteria.